Avaliação da preservação de alvéolos, pós- exodontia, utilizando concentrado de plaquetas e leucócitos produzidos com a técnica de L-PRF

Abstract

Platelet and leucocyte rich fibrin (L-PRF) was developed with the objective of obtaining bone regeneration. The L-PRF membrane consists of a high density 3D fibrin tissue resulting from the patient's blood centrifugation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the socket preservation after tooth extraction, using platelet and leukocytes concentrates produced with the L-PRF technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of seven individuals (3F and 4M), who were indicated to receive dental implants installation, aged between 49 and 57 years (mean 53.7 ± 2.7). A split-mouth design was employed, in which the Test side was randomly selected to receive the L-PRF membrane to fill the socket after extraction; Control side was let to have natural healing with clot filling. Tissue samples were collected from the area after 4 months prior to implant installation. The bone and soft tissue histomorphometric analysis was performed through digital images captured from the histological sections. The radiographic evaluation was performed using scanned panoramic radiographic images using ImageJ software, in which measurements were obtained prior to extractions and after socket healing. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: The histomorphometric analysis demonstrated the presence of trabeculae of neoformed bone interspersed with areas of connective tissue and absence of infection. In the comparison of groups, Test group had a significantly higher number of areas with soft tissue (55.58 ± 9.48, p = 0.018) and fewer with bone (32.41 ± 9.45, p = 0.018) when compared to Control group (41.63 ± 4.91 and 46.37 ± 4.91, respectively). The results of the radiographic evaluation showed that the Test group maintained the socket height when compared to the Control group, which had significantly lower final measurements compared to the initial ones (p = 0.018). In addition, the Test group (7.67 ± 28.51) had a significantly lower percentage of alveolar height reduction compared to Control (26.87 ± 17.79), p = 0.028. CONCLUSION: The L-PRF membrane used at the moment of tooth extraction is able to guarantee the stability of bone height over 4 months.