Avaliação da adaptação e capacidade de infiltração microbiana na interface implante-pilar protético em diferentes sistemas de implantes

Abstract

The best fit between the implant and the prosthetic component appears to be important for periimplant homeostasis. Considering that the oral cavity is a naturally contaminated environment, it is important that the rehabilitation with implants does not promote the emergence of areas for microorganisms deposition that might cause periimplant diseases, thus compromising the long term osseointegration. The objectives of this study were: evaluate the misfit and bacterial infiltration at the implant-abutment interface of five implant systems with external hexagon, manufactured and marketed in Brazil, and to analyze the vertical and horizontal misfit according to the classification proposed by Kano, Binon e Curtis (2007). Eight samples of each implant system: Conexão®, Dentoflex®, Neodent®, SIN® and Titanium Fix® were tested. Initially, the sets were inoculated with 0.3μl of a suspension containing Escherichia coli and placed in culture medium for analysis of bacterial infiltration. The samples analyses were performed with 1, 2, 5, 7, and 14 days for assessment of contamination through the turbidity of the culture medium. After the microbiological analysis all, samples of each system were prepared for misfits evaluation through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), with 1000x and 3000x of magnification. The results showed that the bacterial infiltration was observed in 25% of samples of the Dentoflex® system. Misfit was observed in all systems. The misfit average values of each system were: Neodent® - 0.51μm ± 0.39; Dentoflex® - 1.44μm ± 0.73; Titanium Fix® - 1.88μm ± 1.28; SIN® - 2, 46μm ± 3.38; Conexão® - 2.68μm ± 3.02. According to the classification of Kano, Binon e Curtis (2007), it was observed a predominance types II and IV of misfit, respectively, horizontal and horizontal and vertical simultaneously. It was concluded that all groups showed misfit at least in one of the points evaluated along the interface, and this increase is not the only determining factor for the occurrence of bacterial infiltration. It was also observed that the extent of the area of coupling interface should also take into account, which showed variations among the implant systems evaluated.